Shadow Education

Shadow education

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•      Thanks to the failure of our schools, coaching centres have become a thriving business. Many good teachers from reputed schools left their jobs and opened such tutoring outlets which are much more profitable than being a school teacher with a limited income. With students in multiple batches throughout the day, the average income of a tutor is at least 1 lakh per month. For a science teacher, it can be as much as 2.5 lakh, I am told. But parents don’t mind paying extra for private tuition even after paying high tuition fees for schools since the extra lessons pay off.

•      So, what is shadow education

•      Supplemental, privately-funded academic lessons outside of school.

•      Like a shadow, it parallels features of public schooling such as curricula, mastery of core subjects, examinations and grades.

•      global phenomenon that occurs in all nations with national levels of participation ranging between 10 to over 80 percent

•      Japan is highly institutionalized

•      with 80 percent of students involved, and more than 60 percent participating more than twice a week.

•      What is shadow education?

•      Supplementary private tutoring

•      Shadow education does not include non-academic lessons such as music, the arts or athletics.

•      Shadow education takes many forms. It can be

–      One-to-one

–      as informal as a senior student teaching a junior student or

–      a teacher tutoring a student or group of students; or, - both small group or large group

–      Inside school and outside the school – coaching class

–      it can be something more formalized and complex such as organized learning centers.

•      Examples

•      Possible exam question

•      Why shadow education is growing only in school education? Do you think shadow education is necessary? Give your argument.

•      Issues example

•      Difference in teaching techniques in mainstream class and tuition class

•      What are the strategies of teachers in teaching main class and tuition class?

•      What kinds of learning opportunities and resources teachers provide in main class and tuition class?